Magnetic recording machine



' Ap 1956 B. ROBERTS 2,743,317

' MAGNETIC RECORDING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 303 NORTH BROAD STREET PHILADELPHIA 50 PENNA. TEL-Pa 5-7832 DATE FILE No. 25 SUBJECT SHEET 0F. SHEETS THE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS comma} O REMARKS 4 2 "5 IGNATURE M ENTO April 24, 1956 ROBERTS 2,743,317

' MAGNETIC RECORDING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 24, 1956 B. ROBERTS MAGNETIC RECORDING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 5, 1952 Y @Hmuzvs pri 24, 1956 B. RCVJBERTS 2,743,317

MAGNETIC RECORDING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 MINZENTOR di mm April 4, 1956 B. ROBERTS MAGNETIC RECORDING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 5, 1952 A N N N JN AA a INVaTOR AT ORNEY April 24, 1956 R S 2,743,317

MAGNETIC RECORDING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 NEYS April 24, 1956 ROBER S 2,743,317

MAGNETIC RECORDING MACHINE Filed July 5, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 2,743,317 MAGNETIC" RECGRDING'ZMAGHINE Bruce Roberts, Oberlin, Ohio, .assignor to ;The.International Electronics Company, Philadelphia, lP-a za .corporation. ofPennsylvan'ia Application July5,1952,*Serial No. 2 97,379 reclaims. retina-100a "This inventionrelates to a system ofrecording andreproducing intelligence which employsas a recording medium' a normally fiat-rectangular record which is adapted to be flexed to cylindrical form during recording "and reproduction. i

Thepresent application 'is'con'cerned'with' certain aspects "of the invention of "which some embodimentsare disclosed in my copending applications Serial No. 717;'75-4, filed December 21, T946, and Serial No. 740,653, filed-April 10, 1947, of 'whichth'e' present-application is a continuation in part.

The invention is particularly adapted for use with record sheets whose resilience may vary'from the limp'ness'of tissue'paper to therela'tive stifiness'of a tre'sinfor, composi- V "t'ion sheet, "for example,"that:of photographic film. n

Broadly speakingtheobiect of the invention'is to record intelligencemagnetically in. a continuous track on. a flat rectangular record sheet which hasbeen tempora'rilyflexed to cylindrical form, and subsequently to reproduce the intelligenceso recorded, notwithstandingtheffactthat "the record sheet 'may,'inthe interim," have been restored to flat form, folded or creased.

A further object of .the invention is toscan a helical track intersecting an edge of a'record sheetwhichhas been flexed to cylindrical formand 'to index the sheet pnithe "form'in ordertoprovidefor reregistra'tion of the .sheet'on 'reinserti'on in the same or a similar apparatus.

The invention also contemplates mounting a recordon the record support in a manner to establish a-dr'iving connection between the 'supportand the record sheet; to. provide 'for'reestablishing, upon reinsertionof a sheet in the machine, the alignment between the overlappeduedges of the sheetjwhich existed at'the time of the recording; and to provide for rees't'ablishment of .the original relationship between arecorded trackon'the' sheet and. the reproducing head. I

'Theinvention, while adapted to the recording of intelligence of widely difiere'n't forms, is especially adapted for use in recording and reproducing .officedictation, in that it provides for very sirnpleloading and unloading. of record sheets, whilepreserving accuracy of-alignrneut even-with the ilimpest record sheetsv contemplated -for use with the invention. e

How these objects and others which w-illappear-rare attainedmay 'be made clearly understood upon reference to the threeformsof apparatus described below and disclosed in the drawings, in whichz Figure 1 is a plan'view of a records'heet adapted foruse with the apparatus of the invention;

Figure 2is a fragmentary sectional viewer a record sheet;

' Figure 3 is a perspective view of thes'heet of'Figure 1 mounted upon the record supportof the firs'tfform of the machine;

Figure 4 is a'front elevation of 'thefirst'form of machine" with most of the 'front panlbroken away;

United States Patent 2,743,317 aPatented Apr. 24, 1956 ice - Figure '5- is-asectional 'v'ieWof the machinefif Figure f4 Figure' o is a -viewof-a portion of-the"mechafiismoPFig- 'ure 5; i s

Figure 7 is a view of a portiomofithe mechanismasdis- Figure 8 is-an levation of the second "fornidfnrlatilt inc witht'he front or the case removed;

machinerof Figure-8 taken along'jthe line 9-3);

Figure lo-isia'plan'sectiono'f a iporti'on'of'the mechanism disclosed in Figure'9 takenialong the'line10---1 ll;

''Figure 11 is a simplified wiring diagram, applicablepfar- "ticularlyto ,the second form "of the machine, but also Figure 9 is a sectional v'iewof anenlargedjscaleofithe I adapted "to 'be employed with any 'offthefonns 'ofjt'hen achine; I I v 'Figur'elZ isa vertical sectional View= of athird form; Figure 13 is an elevation o'fpo'rtions of 'the maehine of for they-purposes contemplated .herein.

a record medium comprising-1a homogeneous:mass-ofinnagnetic material, it has beenwfoun'd thatrt-he desirablemag- .netic properties aboveenumerated are invariably accom- -panied in h'mtnogeneous sheets byaundesirable physical properties. Magnetic materials having the requisitecoercive force and retentivity-tend to he-so brittleond hard .thatdtis .dlfiicultto-work them by rolling oedrawi-ngs; and

,-on theotherhand, materia:lstwhi'ch are susceptible; to fabrication tend to have inadequate retentivity an'dlacoerciye .force. Furthermore, even'if record -n1ed-ia-"arefabricated of materials having suitable -;-rnagnet-ic;characteristicsi-tthe physical propertiesof recordssoirnad'e are undesirable For. *example, 5 a record sheet of carbon steel having only moderate'reten- :tivity and coercive force isastill .so brittletthat attempts to ;.fold.lit.- ,inevitably resultin breaking the record.

:P-ractical considerations of reasonableduration-10f a v recordwwithin a limited physical size reqlrireathat the sheet be scannedzat a relatively' low ttransl'ationalsspeed. the scanning speed decreases, the outputvoltage of t the reproducing head. also decreases, since the voltag'e' is proportional to the rate of change of thermagn'etic field.

-Asa result, lower scanning'speeds require moreiarnplification'and hence render theequipment more .tsen'sitive to extraneous noise. .Indeed, atterrnotsito'employ aih'om'orgeneous *sheet fiexedto cylindrical form with opposite edges, overlapped result in a. particularly;iobjectionable disturbance, in the nature of a click orxpl'op, every :tirne .the overlapped edges .pass thereproducin'g-lhead. This phenomenon. is apparently due to =the concentration .of

.the magnetic lines of force along the edge'ofthehomogeneous metal sheet.

-In--contrast,-records of -the type shown in section in "Figure 2, comprising finely div ided particles of magnetic material dispersed in a flexible, non-magnetic bindeninay be pro'duced'economically, and, are resistant to a remark abledegree 'tothe most severe treatment. Sheets of -this character may beflfolded, creased, wrinkled, and otherv.w'i'se distorted without interfering with their magnetic properties and without destroying or appreciably eifec'tf ing in any way the quality of reproduction of a recording thereon.

Since the magnetic particles in sheets of the type described are effectively isolated, no concentration of the lines of force occurs at the edge of the sheet, with the result that the plop or click which is characteristic of a ,homogeneous sheet is completely obviated, despite the low speed and consequent high amplification employed in the practice of the invention.

However, it should be pointed out that sheets having dispersed magnetizable particles present certain problems which must be overcome if they are to be used as recording media. Primarily, the same flexibility and immunity to ill effects from distortion require novel handling tech- ,niquesto reestablish the relative alignment of the pertions of a record recorded on a sheet. Principal among these characteristics is the limpness of record sheets of the type under discussion. When it is realized that the sheets have a thickness of from 1 to 5 thousandths of an inch and an appearance and feel" approximately equal to that of ordinary carbon paper, some appreciation of the problems involved will be realized.

letter, for example, to typewritten form, or may constitute I the final form of a letter to be transmitted to the recipient by mail and there reproduced by him in reproducing equipment of the type disclosed. The sheet bears on its uncoated side a letterhead 21, space for address 22, classification indicia 23, a heading 24, and signature location indicia 25.

The record sheet may be of any convenient size, de pending on the nature and type of intelligence to be recorded, but preferably, for office dictation work, as illustrated in Figure 1, the sheet should be of standard letter size, for example, 8 /2 by 11". By standardizing on this size and shape of record sheet, all the auxiliary equipment of letter communication becomes available. For example, folded and creased sheets may be mailed in standard envelopes, and may be filed in either flat or folded form in standard file folders, standard file cabinets, and the like.

In addition to the dimensions, the plan form of the sheet is characterized by holes 26 and 27 and notched corners 28 and 29, which together cooperate in maintaining the record sheet in scanning position in my novel recording apparatus. In addition, the holes provide a means for distinguishing one end of the sheet from the other, as will appear more fully hereinbelow. As shown in the sectional view of Figure 2, the sheet 20 comprises a flexible layer 30, comprising magnetizable particles,

preferably supported by a flexible backing 31. The magnetizable material is preferably a material having a high magnetic retentivity and high coercive force, for example, Alnico-S, dispersed in a flexible non-magnetic binder, for example, a resin such as Vinylite, a sheet of which is capable of being employed in the apparatus of the invention even without a backing member. The backing member 31, if one is employed, may advantageously be paper or some other material having the characteristics of great resistance to cracking upon folding and creasing and the ability to assume a substantially flat form after flexure to a closed loop, or after creasing. The binder for the magnetizable particles has similar properties, and therefore a record medium made in accordance with the invention is capable of repeated flexing to cylindrical form and of repeated creasing and uncreasing without disturbance of the bond between the magnetizable material and the backing member and without interference with the orientation of the individual magnetizable particles in relation to each other. The resilience of the material operates to restore it to flat form as it is released from the cylinder, which is not only advantageous for 4 purposes of ultimate disposition, but also aids in removing the sheet from the machine, as will appear.

I have found that the best combination of the properties above discussed is obtained with a sheet of from about 1 to about 5 thousandths of an inch in thickness, and most desirably, with sheets from 2 to 3 thousandths of an inch thick.

During recording and reproduction, a sheet is supported upon a cylindrical form generally indicated at 32 in Figure 3. Cylinder 32 comprises a barrel of nonmagnetic material, for example, brass, and two annular end flanges 33 and 34. Cylindrical form 32 is adapted to be mounted by means of a shaft 35 which protrudes beyond flanges 33 and 34 at either end.

Form 32 is provided with a pair of hooks 36 and 37 projecting from the barrel of the cylinder near the ends thereof in the same radial plane and adapted to engage the holes 26 and 27 in sheet 20. As may be seen, the hooks are inclined in the direction of normal rotation of the form, which inclination facilitates both engagement and disengagement of a sheet, as will appear.

The circumference of the barrel should be no greater than the length of sheet 20 and preferably the circumference-should be somewhat less than the length of the sheet in order to provide for a slight overlap when the sheet is wrapped arolmd the barrel, as shown in Figure 3. In dictation machines which are standardized on the basis at 8 /2" by 11 paper, the circumference of the cylinder is approximately 10 /2". Under these circumstances, notches 28 and 29 permit the. paper to lie flat without interference from hooks 36 and 37, even though the notches or bottom end of the sheet overlaps the opposite end. The length of the cylinder between the flanges is precisely equal to the width of the paperdesirably 8 /2".

In the first form of the machine, designated as A in Figures 4 and 5, cylindrical form 32 is mounted for rotation in the upper portion of the cabinet. The left end of shaft 35 (see Figure 4) is journalled for rotation in side frame 38 and a pad 39 formed integrally therewith. The opposite or right end of shaft 35 is journalled in bracket 40 and pad 41.

Immediately below shaft 35 and to the right of drum 32 may be seen driving motor 42 mounted on side frame 43. Motor shaft 44 is in peripheral engagement with drive puck 45 (see Figures 6 and 7) which is mounted for rotation with a shaft 46, which shaft is journalled in shift arm 47. The operation of arm 47 will be described more fully hereinbelow, but it should be observed at this time that motion of arm 47 is adapted to carry puck 45 into and out of engagement with flange 33 of form 32, thus providing a selectively engageable drive from motor 42 to form 32.

In addition to cylinder 32, shaft 35 also carries for rotation therewith a driving sprocket 48, located on the shaft between flange 33 and pad 41. Sprocket 48 carries a chain 49, which is in engagement with driven sprocket 50, of the same diameter as sprocket 48, secured to shaft 51 of lead screw 52, which has a single thread. Lead screw shaft 51 is ournalled at its left end in side frame 38 and at the opposite end in side frame 43.

It will thus be seen that the drive train for all movable parts is: motor shaft 44, movable puck 45, puck shaft 46,

flange 33, shaft 35, sprocket 48, chain 49, sprocket 50,

. shaft 51 and lead screw 52.

the carriage rides are the internal surfaces of a pair of sleeves 56. Mounted on carriage 53 are erase head 57, recording head 58, back spacing mechanism generally indicated at 59, pointer 60, half nut 61, and a pair of tabs 62 and 63. According to the invention, the mass of carriage 53 and its associated parts is distributed around axial way chaser? v 54Linxa .inarinento retain headsi57. and S58, againstgthe ffb'arriel of c'y1indrical"form.32 and to retairilhalfnutzfilin .heads'ifrom the cylinder .and-lthe'l'half nut, from the dead k engagement with lead screw 52 by-gravity. ,Tabs fiz. and T63, whichextend below -axial .way 54 ,provjideflevers ,to

whichjtorqne moments maybe :appliedto removethe screw, as will appearmorefullyhereinbelow.

f Both .the rotationa'lfldrive train and the oscillation of carriage53 about .a iialway '54 are controlledfby a single Jelectromechaiiical control,.systemwhich is ."clearly illustrated inFigures."6sandi7. 'Shift arm 17 is mounted .for

swingmotion at-itslower extremityvon shaft'ifi l, which j provides, a reactiompo'int for theka'rm. .Atits. upper end Farm '17 connected, with armature .65 of solenoid 66, and

"intermediatefits-ends arm- ,47 carries pucksha'ft 46,-.dis- .tcuss'edaabove, a spring 67." (seeFigure. .5), and crossfarm (Spring. normally v tei1ds...to .pull arm 47. toward the rear ofithemachine but exertsless-force .onthe arm than 'does: solenoid 66 when vit .is. energized, with, the result 7 that .thearm isfheldineits rearward position vunless the solenoid is energized, under .whichcondition it is pulled Tiorwarfd. v v

= .Theftront.=end.of cross ,arm.68 is connected totab 69 ,rm' trip.tbar.'70, which tistcapable of ,rockingwmotionon fshafti ll ..As.may be seen inFigure4, tripbar 7.0extends cpracticallytheiulllength ofaxialway 54,:so that regardless of. pos'itioncfcarriage r53, -trip...bar 70 may "be I brought .into position against :tabs=,62..and 63 of carriage -53. Figures .5 ..and..6 .show theparts in the position they assume when solenoid 66 .is .,energizedthis is, with drive puck. 4531s ,drivingpositionmnd trip bar: .70. Lrocked forward, permitting the recording heads 57-and-:58to contact sheet.20 .oncylinderh32 ;and gpertriittingheilfnut 61 to en-. pgage .with.lead.screw: 5 2. Under these conditions the cyl- .indernrotatesand the carriage ,is moved-axially of the cyl- ,inderby the lead .screw. Now, if the circuit to solenoid 6613c .broken, spring. 67 will pull .arm :47 rearwardly, dis- .,en 1ga=ging .thedrive ,puck. .and rocking trip :bar 7 to the near. .Ihe trip bar, :aswill-.be.seem-comes .in contact with one orabothiofttabs s62 and 63,.-exertingta torque moment on carriage 53 around axial way 54, thus liftingrtheheads .fromthesheetand:removingahalf nut 61 from engagement The tcomhinationwof the irritating-scanning component v.eifectedby:rotation of cylinderr'32' andthe translating com- .ponent efiected by. translational movement ofcarriage- 53 .two :directions substantially normal to -=each other.

. .on vaxial way; :54, provides .means for efiectingsmovement .of the recording head-relative tothe recording .medium'in The inter-relation of-these. ,two} components "makes possible :the

...scanning--.of the :entire record=area.-in. a series "of -si*de-byaside track portions. -.Rreferably, :the: two components are interrelatedwin a" manner to provide v for simultaneous translational (and rotational rmovement, wherebyto prowvide for acontinuoushelical.track intersecting the line of .Aoverlapping ofithe oppositeedges of'the 'record'sheet. 4 v AA second control system 159 is carried'by :carriage .53

and serves-to-effect back spacing. This mechanism is shown and describedin-detailin my copending-tapplication above identified. -As therein described, this-mechanism aincludesv a solenoid 72 and aipawl actuated thereby adapted-toengage with raok- 55 on: axialway 54 to providefor astep-by-step backspacingbf carriage 5-3 'on-axial'way'54h in Figure 4 @is disclosed a pushbutton switch 73 for conr-trolling solenoid-n.

;In addition totthe mechanism :for accomplishing.- scanfining :of the ,record sheet-as described above, the machine .Df sEigures4 through 7 also includes semiautomatic .meansfor loadingand .ejectingpaper sheets, which mechlanismis ully.;shown and described .in my copending ap- Lplicatiomabove identified. v I

. .Thetrecord sheettloading mechanism includes a reser- I voir 74in the back of the machine, adaptedto contain a number of sheets 20 oriented with their leading edges,

.-.operating theejection mechanism, in order to' insure that thettrailing edge oftsheet 20: willbe in theproper anguiar position in relationtobaektwall 99 .of.magaz'ine '74.

,as, indicatedfby. thev holes, toward the. cylinder. ;pair of. paper 'fingers'75, having pads 176,.ds. adapted to engage the forward sheet 20 in reservoir 74 through.slotsinlthe fforward wall 77 ofthe reservoir. Fingers are, secured at-tlieir lowenends .toa shaft'78, which is hung from a second sha'ft'79 .by-three arms, 80,81 and 82. Arms 80 and 81 are secured to shaft 79 for rotation therewith, while arm 82 islooselymounted for rotation on. a sleeve -83 concentric with sha'ft'79. LEach'finger'IS is;proyided with a spring 84 whichacts to force'finger ls against the ,paper. Rotation of shaft '79-is efiected by moving lever 85 (see Figure 4). As will be seen,,depressinglever .forces finger 75 upwardly against the tension-of spring -fiti .(see Figure 5), andsincepads '76 are coated to.,\-provide moreflfrjiction between them and the sheet .of ,paperf20 7 they contact than 7 exists. between. that sheet andf the..-adjacent sheet, the sheetis raised to aposition where itsn p- :per edge enters thespace'between. paper,guide"87 and .drum 32. As .thecylinder rotates, hoo'ks,36 a'nd"3'7, which. are inclined forwardly in the first direction of normal rotation :of cylinder '32,-enter Iho'les'26 and 27, in sheet 20, drawing the sheet from the reservoir. and wrapping it around .the cylinder. 7 Paper guides-87-.and '88 .maintainthesheet in itsfiexediorm on cylinder 32.

, Thepaper ejection mechanism-includes sleeve 83, above .referredto, rotatably mounted on shaft 79,, and which -is-=secured;-at one endto lever .89. (seeFigure 4,) :and at Qbly, consisting Of .crank' 9.0,,1inks 91..and.- 92,; .lever -94 .iand pad.-.95,-iwill,pivot about shaft 79 ,.spinning.drum.32 tin a reverse direction (.clockwiseras viewed[in FigurefS'). .Since 'theapaper v.20 i on drum :32 .has .a -.nat ural :tend'ency ttot straighten .out, the sheet-will be, stripped v,oif "b'ytoutside: back wall 99 of reservoir. 74, and The deposited, be tween wanna andadjustablet. back ;panel,.1-'00.' The inclinationnof the hooks in the direction of riormalrota- .tiong facilitatesdisengagement of-the sheet'fromlthe cylinder.

3 In Figures :3 and.4 .I have.illustratedtmechanism for stopping -the .drum in..a-.predeterminedposition prior to This mechanism -(see Figure .3) .includesa cam. I01,

mounted.on:drnm shaft .35 adjacent oneuendof drum :32; Cam ltlthas acircularprofile' interruptedfby a de- ;.pression 102. Switch103includes-a rotating cam fo'llower 104,.adapte'd to ,sep arateithe switchcontacts when ,it -drops tintoidepression 1-02. Z.Switch 103, together with 5311 ejection 'push button, serves to provideapathforen- -ergizing cnrrent forcylinderdrive .engagingrsolenoid '66.

contacts and deenergizing isolenoid. 66.

This circuitis competely independentof. the norrria'lloperating circuit.forisolenoidz66,-as =will appearbelow inethe description .of the corresponding circuit of t the. .B- form of the invention. When itis desired to eject asheet, the

-e'iection switch is closed. bythe operator andsolenoid -.-66wi1l,be energizedso longas camfollowerltldisin contact with the high portionofcam. 1111. Astai'fes ult, the cylinderwillrotate in thenormaldirection until-fol- .lowerlti ldrops. into depression 102, separating'the switch The cylinder, therefore-twill. stopina position determined by the angular location of ,the depression. I This angular position is .arranged to correspond with a position-of the trailing edge of sheet 20 appropriate to ejection in the desired direction. Preferably, as in the form illustrated, the depression is arranged to stop the cylinder when the trailing edge of sheet is somewhat past the edge of rear wall 99 of the paper magazine, which strips the sheet from the drum on reverse rotation thereof. Once the drum has been rotated to and stopped in this position,

the paper is ejected by operation of lever 89, as described above.

Turning now to the second form of machine indicated at B in Figures 8 and 9, it will be seen that a cylindrical form 32b is mounted for rotation in the upper portion of a cabinet 107. Form 32b is carried on a shaft 35b which is journalled for rotation in frames 43b and 38b at the left and right respectively. Immediately below shaft 35b and to the left of drum 32b may be seen driving motor 42b secured to frame 43b by means of brackets 108 and 109. As may be seen in Figure 9, motor shaft 44b is in peripheral engagement with drive puck 45b which is mounted for rotation with a shaft 46b, which shaft is journalled in a transverse shift arm 110. Motion of arm 110 is adapted to carry puck 45b into and out of engagement with flange 33b of form 321) thus providing a selectively engageable drive from motor 42b to form 32b.

Shaft 35b also carries for rotation therewith a driving sprocket 48b, located on the right end of the shaft between ilange 34b and frame member 38b. Sprocket 48b carried a chain 49b which is in engagement with a driven sprocket 50b, secured to lead screw 32b. Each end of lead screw 52b is provided with a conical depression 111 (see Figure 10) adapted to cooperate with a pair of pointed pins 112 and 113., Pin 112 is biased towards lead screw 52b by a spring 114. Pin 113, which engages depression 111 at the right end of lead screw 52b, is threaded in a fixed nut 115 and adapted to be rotated by a knob 116. Rotation of pin 113 in nut 115 results in axial movements of the pin in relation to the fixed ele ments of the machine, and thus provides for axial adjustment of the position of lead screw 52b.

Lead screw 52b provides translational force for carriage 53b, which is supported upon axial way 54b with freedom for axial movement and also for oscillation thereon. The actual bearing surfaces upon which the carriage rides are the internal surfaces of a pair of sleeves 56b. Carriage 53b carries an erase head 57b, and a recording head 58b, supported by an equalizer arm 117. Carriage 53b is. also provided with a half nut 61b adapted to engage with lead screw 52b, and in addition carries backspacing means generally indicated at 59b comprising a solenoid 72b, and armature 118 carrying a half nut 119, which is adapted to engage with reverse lead screw 120. Armature 118 is arranged with freedom for oscillation in a vertical plane about an edge 121, but is normally biased away from solenoid 72b by a spring 122. Armature 118 is held as against movement transverse the axis of solenoid 72b by virtue of the fact that it penetrates a vertical slot in solenoid support member 123. As may be seen, therefore, energization of solenoid 72b lifts armature 118, bring half nut 119 into engagement with reverse lead screw 120, thus effecting back spacing of carriage 53b on axial way 54b. It should also be noted at this time that the head assembly, comprising heads 57b and 58b, on the one hand and the back space assembly on the other form a lever having axial way 54b as a fulcrum. The back space end of the lever (the left end as viewed in Figure 9) also includes a counterweight 124' which may be seen in Figure 8. The mass of the counterweight and back space mechanism, together, is sufiicient to raise heads 57b and 58b into engagement with a record sheet supported on record support 32b.

The position of oscillation of carriage 53b about axial way 54b, as well as the position of engagement of drive puck 45b, is determined by a control system which will now be described. Referring first to Figure 8, it will be seen that in the space between frame member 43b and the end of cabinet 107 is mounted a solenoid 66b, having j leading edge parallel to the axis.

armature 65b (see Figure 9) pivotally connected to a shift arm 47b-by a pin 125. Arm 47b is mounted for oscillation about pin 64b. At its upper end arm 47b has a double bend (see Figure 8), the horizontal portion of which penetrates an aperture 126 in frame 43b and Whose reverse portion is connected to cross arm 110 by a pin 127. Intermediate mounting pin 64b and pin 125, shift arm 47b is also connected to cross arm 68b by a pin 128. Cross arm 68b penetrates an aperture 129 in frame 43b and is connected at its opposite end to crank 69b of shift bar 70b. Shift bar 70b extends the full length of axial way 54b and is mounted for oscillation on a shaft 71b. Shift bar 70b is of L section, the short arm of the L being adapted to raise the front arm of carriage 53b, whatever the position of the carriage on axial way 54b. A spring 67b biases shift arm 47b in a manner to position in which half nut 61b is lowered out of engagement with forward lead screw 52b. Upon energization of solenoid 66b, however, shift arm 47b oscillates on pivot 64b against the tension of spring 67b, pulling drive puck 45b (by means of cross arm into engagement with form 32b, and also rocks shift bar 70b on shaft 71b in a manner to permit the front of carriage 53b to drop and thus bring half nut 61b into engagement with lead screw 52b. The rotating and translating components of the scanning movement, therefore, are both controlled by operation of solenoid 66b. A permanent adjustment of the clearances in the control system may be made by locking adjustable stop member 47a (see Figures 9 and 10) in a'position to limit the oscillation of shift arm 47b in the disengaging sense.

Back spacing is accomplished by energization of solenoid 72b, which brings half nut 119 into engagement with reverse lead screw 120, as described above. Lead screw 120 is mounted on a shaft 130, which shaft is journalled in frames 43b and 38b. In addition to reverse lead screw 120, shaft also carries reverse puck 131, which is in constant engagement with motor shaft 44b and which, therefore, provides for constant rotation of reverse lead screw 120.

Cabinet 107, which is of generally rectangular plan, has a sloping front surface. The inclined front portion of the machine is depressed to form a panel 132 of the same width as a record sheet, that is, about 8 /2. Panel 132 forms the bottom of feed channel whose sides are defined by guide lips 136 projecting inwardly in the planes of flanges 33b and 34b of form 32b. To load the machine, a sheet 20 is laid against panel 132 with its top edge toward the cylinder and slid upwardly, being guided by lips 136 into engagement with cylinder 32b. Since panel 132 is parallel to a plane containing the axis of cylinder 32b, the sheet is fed onto the cylinder with its Concurrently, drum 32b is rotated by means of one of the knobs 133 or by energizing solenoid 66b until hooks 36b and 37b penetrate holes 26 and 27 in sheet 20, whereupon the sheet is drawn around the drum between upper guide member 8712 and the drum, and is wrapped therearound. In addition to upper guide 87b, I have provided three spaced guides 134, in the lower front quadrant, supported by transverse element 135. As the sheet rotates, the trailing edge, after it clears heads 57b and 58b, tends to drop to a tangent position below the drum, and it is the purpose of guides 134 to prevent the sheet from trailing into the mechanism below. As the trailing edge comes back into contact with drum 32b, tapered flanges 33b and 34b realign it with the leading edge. Once the sheet has been wrapped on the drum as above described, scanning of the sheet may be commenced by energizing solenoid 6612, which initiates rotation of the cylinder and forward motion lead screw, and engagement of the forward motion half nut as above described.

\ in a'bracket' 140. Wound around capstan 138is-a cord It should "be "pointed out atthis time that drum 32b I isproVided with a'cushion'145 ofresilientmateriahsuch as .rubber, that-half nut 61b on carriage 53b is-yieldingly pressed against lead screw52b byaispringxlfalandthat heads 57b and 58b arefree-for movement toward and away from the drum, so that the "contact between the heads and a record *sheet mounted onftheidrnm may'be maintained at constant pressure #When an inequality 1 such as the'line of overlapping of thetwo ends-of a-she'et,

or an eccentricity of form 32b, approaches a head, the head in question may rock back relative to'the other head and the entire carriage may .rock toa' lesser extent about .axial way 54b, all without interferingwith the intimacy of contact :ofhalf nut 61b with -leadrscrew 3212, since spring 137 maintainshalf'nuttilb in contact with the lead screw despite minor variations in 'the'relative positions of the lead'. screw and'the carriage.

Although the cylinder and head mounting of the A with'theBmachine'there are certain advantages in employing the cylinder and;head'mounting .illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, i. e., there are certain advantages in employing the equalizer support 117.

In Figures 8 and 9 may beseen 'the'mechanism which performstthe function of indicating the extent of recording and which also provides for rapid shiftingof carriage 53b,'on axial way'54b. Thisme'chanisrn' includes a capstart 138, having a shaft 139,'-which shaft penetrates the front of cabinet 10.7 and issupported by and 'journalled 141, which runs from the capstan towardpthexn'ght to anidler pulley 142, thence to a point of "attachment "141a on carriage 53b then to-a second idler 1'42 at i the left of themachine, and thence back to-capstan 3138,. Shaft'139' is provided witha knob 143 having a'poiuter 144. During operation of the machine; as carriage-'53bprogresses along knob and pointer'143 and 144,thus; giving-anindication "of thepositionofthe carriage alongaxi'al -way"54b. In

addition, knob 143 provides a-means for rapidly shifting the position of carriage 53b Whemdesire'd, "for 'example, when back spacing, or when returning .the carriage preparatoryto'scanning anew-record.

As maybe-seen in "Figure9, I have provided acam'1'01b and switch 103]), similar in -arrangement-to the automatic stop mechanism fullydes cribed in connection with the'A form of the invention. Figure- 11 discloses thecircuit'for this stop mechanism, aswll as other control and voice circuits contemplated by the invention. I

In Figure 11 may be seen amain power switch 14,6, which serves to energize motor 42b-and rectifier unit'14'7.

Rectifier unit 147 not only-supplies direct current for .operation of solenoids 66b and72=b,' but "also 'provides plateandfilamentcurrent-for antamplifier 148. The negative direct current lead from rectifierj147 isgconnected through section 150 of gang switch'1'49, either directly Thus, in position 1 of switch :l49,;speaker-microphone 153 is connected to the amplifier input, recordereproduce head 58b-is connected to the amplifier output, ,and'erase head 57b is energized by virtue ofthe factfthat'rtheztnegative -.direct current supply is completed therethrough. When switch 149 is shifted to' -position '2, the-recordmeproduce' rhead: 5811 is .connected to :theamplifier input, speakermicrophone' 1'53 is connected to'the ampIifier:output, and t :the negative 'direct .current connection "from *rectifier' 147 is: :made directly 'to ground. it will be seen, therefore, tthHtAPDSitiODwI 1:0f switch- 149 corresponds to recording" machine disclosed in Figures 4 and 'S'may'be'employed,

' axial way 5%, cord 141 rotates capstan138, shaft l3 9-and conditions and position 2t'corresponds toreprodncing switch 106b. The inventionalso contemplates that the circuit of Figure 11 .may be employed with all of .the form-s herein disclosed.

' Turning now tothe'form of the invention illustrated. at 'C in :Figure 12, it willbe seen that this'machineis housed in a cabinet v154 in a manner .to partially expose drum 32c. 'Drum 32c is' mounted for rotation on aisha'ft 350, which shaft is journalled in the side panels of cabinet 1'54. Shaft35c carries at "its 'right'hand end forrotation therewith a drive sprocket 480 having .ach'a'in 49c in engagement therewith, which chain also engagesadriven sprocket 50c, drivably associated with a lead screwzl'52c.

--Lead screw 52c is mounted forax'ial adjustment relative .to cylinder 320' in the same manner as is lead screw 52b in 'theB 'form of .the invention, above described.

An axial Way 540 extends parallel to the axis of cylindrical form 32c and carries thereon a carriage 53:0. Mounted on carriage 530 are erase head 57c, recordreproduce head 580, a half nut 61c, yieldinglyheld against 'lead screw 52c by a spring 13.7c, and a pointer c adapted to. traverse a scale on the outside-of cabinet 154., Pointer 600 also provides means for manually adjusting the posi- "tion of carriage 53c axially of form 320.

'Carriage'53c also comprises a sleeve'56c having a .tab

. 62c adapted to be engaged by shift bar .700, which bar is mounted for oscillation with, shaft 710. Shift bar c is 7 provided with a crank 69c which is connected to theupper end of shift arm 470 by apin'155, which engages a slot '156 in'arm 47c. Arm 470 is mounted for oscillationon a pin '157 supported by a standard 158 and is connected at its lower extremity to armature 65c of solenoid 66c-by a .pin 159, penetrating a slot 160 in 'arm 47c. ,Intermediate pins 157 and 159, shift arm 47c is pivotally connected to a cross arm cby a pin 161. Journalled in theopposite end of cross arm 1100 is a shaft 46c, carrying drive puck 45c, which is in constantper'ipheral engagement with shaft 44c of a driving motor, not: shown.

. Shift am 470 is biased by a spring 670, anchored to a fixed bracket, which spring normally .tends .to hold shaft 460 of driving puck-45c :out of engagement withndrum 32c and also imposessa torque moment .on tab 620 of carriage 53c in a sense to disengage heads 57c and 580 from, drum 32c and half nut.,61c, fromlead screw 52c. Energization of solenoid 660, however, shifts arm 470 in a sense to drivably engage shaft 46c.tof,.puck-45c with drum 32c, and throws shift bar 700 out of engagement with tab. 62c, permitting heads 57c and 580 to :engage drum32c.and half nut 61c.to engageleadscrew 52c all by, gravity.

The machine visprovided-with .a,guide 162,. which is yieldingly pressed against, drum .320 .by springs 163. Guide 162 extends axiallyof drum 32c and is provided at one edge with a', lip. 164 toradapt it.to receive the leading edge of a record sheet supported on drum 32c and at the .opposite edge with a stripper .blade 1.65 adapted to assist in removing a sheet from .the .drum on reverse rotation thereof, as will appear.

Turning. now to Figure.1'3,.it will be seen that drum 3-2cois provided with an index line 166, extending axially of the drum toprovide for peripheral registration of the leading edge-of'arecord sheet .200 and also with apair -.of index lines;"-167' and-rlr68, textending circumfere'ntially of drum .320 :tozrprovide for axial registration. A knob #169, itkeyed to shaft 35c, provides'for manual rotation rthereofrandthence of'drum-32c.

This form of machine is adapted for'use with' record the drum 320 is manually rotated to a position in which index lines 166, 167 and 168 are exposed, whereupon a sheet 200 is placed in contact with the drum with its leading edge in alignment with index line 166 and the adjoining edges in alignment with index lines 167 and 168. Pressure is then applied with the finger to secure the leading edge of the sheet to the drum in that position, whereupon rotation of the drum is effected by means of knob 169 until sheet 200 is wrapped around drum 320 with its trailing edge lapped over the leading edge, after which scanning is commenced by energizing solenoid 660, which, as described above, initiates rotation of drum 32c and translational movement of carriage 53c.

Back spacing, of carriage 530 is effected by grasping pointer 600 with the fingers and moving carriage 53c on axial way 54c. To remove the sheet, drum 320 is rotated in a forward direction until .the trailing edge of the sheet is in an exposed position, whereupon the drum is rotated in a reverse direction by means of knob 169. The trailing edge of the sheet, since it has a natural tendency to straighten out, separates somewhat from drum 32c and is engaged by stripper edge 165 of guide 162. The trailing edge of the sheet may then be seized with the fingers, and by concurrent tension on the sheet and rotation of drum 32c, the adhesive joint between the sheet and the drum will be brought into contact with edge 165, which will effect separation of the sheet and drum, thus freeing the sheet. When it is desired to reproduce a record made in accordance with the above procedure, the sheet is again carefully registered relative to lines 166, 167 and 168, and the loading procedure repeated, upon which the sheet will be restored to the position it occupied during recording.

Each form of the invention, above described, provides means for positioning a previously recorded sheet in the apparatus in a manner to permit reproduction of the intelligence recorded thereon without regard to the intervening history of the sheet.

Such positioning involves first, establishing a driving connection between the record support and the record sheet; second, reestablishing the alignment between the overlapped edges of the sheet which existed at thetime of recording; and third, providing for reestablishment of the original relationship between a recorded track on the sheet and the reproducing head.

in the A and B forms of the machine, the driving connection between the drum and the sheet is achieved through the interengagement of the hooks on the drum and the corresponding holes in the sheet. This arrangement not only provides for securing the leading portion of the sheet to the drum, but also positions the sheet accurately both peripherally and axially of the drum, which is of importance for the reasons set out below.

in the C form of the invention, the connection between the record support and the record sheet is achieved through the use of an adhesive deposited on the reverse side of the leading portion of the record sheet. In this form of the invention, the axial and peripheral position of the sheet is determined by indexing the sheet relative to index lines formed on the drum.

When a helical track is recorded on a sheet mounted on the support in the manner described, each turn of the helix is intersected by the line of overlapping. Upon re-insertion of a sheet in the machine after removal, the trailing portion of each turn must be accurately aligned. with its corresponding leading portion. According to the invention, this is accomplished primarily by registering the sheet on the drum with one axis (that is,-

arm.

with the leading edge) parallel to the axis of the support. Since the trailing edge is parallel to the leading edge, when the sheet is wrapped upon the support and assumes the form of a cylinder of uniform length (determined by the width of the sheet) the trailing edge falls into a position of alignment with the leading edge. This result is enhanced by the action of the head and guide elements which wipe the trailing edge into its position relative to the leading edge even after creasing of a sheet.

in addition, the flanges on the drums of the A and B machine aid in aligning the sheet axially of the cylinder throughout its length. The tapered characteristic of the flanges of the B machine (which may also be used in the A machine) are particularly effective in guiding the sheet onto the surface of the drum, engaging both layers of the sheet in the area of overlapping, and thus accurately maintaining the axial adjustment of one layer relative to the other.

The reestablishment of the alignment between a record track and the recording-reproducing head is accomplished in the A and B machines by the mechanical indexing action of the end flanges, which, together with the fact that the lead screw and drum are effectively keyed together by the lead screw drive chain, means that whatever the relative rotational position of the drum when a sheet has been reinserted, the head elements will be in scanning contact with a track previously recorded. By accurately positioning the sheet axially of the cylinder by reference to the index lines in the C form of the machine, the same result is accomplished. In addition, I have provided in the B and C machines, mechanism, applicable to all forms, for efiecting axial adjustment of the lead screw relative tothe record support. By manipulation of the lead screw adjustment knob, it is possible to tune in a record track which is not in accurate alignment with the reproducing head. This is useful in any of the machines when extremely adverse weather conditions may have atfected the physical dimensions of the sheet, and is also of great value in the C form of the machine, since it obviates the necessity of extreme accuracy in indexing the sheet both axially and peripherally of the record support. By tuning in is meant the operation which consists of inserting a recorded sheet into the machine, adjusting the machine for reproduction, and then manipulating the lead screw adjustment knob for maximum volume. It is contemplated that the factory alignment of the device will include an adjustment of the axial position of the lead screw, as above described, to compensate for the collective manufacturing clearances in the record translating mechanism.

Another general consideration which is met by all forms of the invention is the matter of accommodating, between the head elements and the drum, the leading edge of a sheet upon insertion, the overlapped edges of the sheet and other inequalities in the effective radius of the recording surface.

In the A form of the machine, the entire carriage is free for oscillatory movement about the axial Way, the heads being maintained in contact with a record on the support by gravity, with freedom for what is effectively radial movement toward and away from the cylindrical record surface. When the leading edge of a sheet being inserted penetrates the nip between the support and the pole pieces, the head and carriage are slightly displaced to accommodate it. Similarly, the carriage rocks each time the overlapped portions of the sheet pass under the recording heads. The heads and carriage are also free to oscillate on the axial way as a result of any eccentricity in the record support itself. In the B form of the machine, in addition to the freedom for oscillatory movement of the carriage about the axial way, above described, the heads have freedom for dilferential movement by virtue of their mounting upon an equalizer The amount of movement required to accommo *the upper layer to the lower layer.

'da'te,'for example, an edge of'thesheet, is less thanin the case :of the Aunachine by'virtue of the fact' that "the record support in the'Brnachineinc ludes acuslx'ion :of'resilientmaterial' whichmay be depressed'to a; 'greater ord'e'ss'er extent, depending upontheloca'l pressure of "contact between the record sheet and thesurface 'of the "cushion.

. As was pointed out in the descriptive portion of this f'specification, motion ofthe carriage of theB form about "the"aXial waymay take place without eifect upon'the "interenga'gement of the'forward motion lead screw" and its cooperating half nut, by virtue of the resilient mount- "in'g'of the'half nut, whichtends to keep it in engagement 'with the lead screw irrespective "of minor variations of position of'the carriage relative to" the lead screw. In the form of the machineythe' entire carriage is again "free tor movement about "the axial way and'the halfnut here is also spring pressed'against the'lead screw to ren- *d'er it independent of small variations of 'pos'ition'of "the carriage.

It should be noted at this time that all-'-of*"'th'emachines are arranged to provide for scanning or a record track across the line of overlapping in'a direction from Since ''the' upper layer "is therefore under tension, "there is no possibility =of-entanglement of an "edge with the heads as would *be the -casewhere' rotation" effected in the opposite direction, that is, with the'upper layer the-leading edge. *As

-"aconsequence of scanning the "sheet in this "direction,

it' ispossible 'to'bias' the heads against therec'ord with sufiicient pressure to maintain an intimacy-f contact adequate for faithful reproduction. "*Inall 'of' -the forms In? the C "-form of the' invention, I have illuStratda mechanism in which "the feeding of "a record'to the support is effected manuatllyjthe registration being accomplished "by visual 'means, as described" above. Howeven'the "1C form "does include, as do allthe others, means for en- "gaging the trailing edge of the'reciord sheet upon'reverse rotation .of the record support. This is especiallydesirable when *employing sheets "which are adhesiv'e'ly'secured to the'record support, since the tripper' assists in disengaging an'd separating the adhering portions of the record "sheet andsupport.

In "all'forms of the 'inventiongthe stripper plate assists -in ideflecting-the trailing edge .of the sheet away from the support upon reverse rotation thereof, and in 'thefA 'and "B'forms' assists inclearing the sheet of "the hooks, whose inclination (in the direction of normal rotation panto- 'matically. brings about disengagement upon continued rotation of the 'supportpast the radial position in-'Which'the record sheet is engaged by the stripperv plate.

The. operating potentialities of the invention may best be appreciated uponconsiderationof a brief description of certain aspects of'operation. 'The initial installation of any of the forms of the. invention herein disclosed involves no more than locating "the equipment at a'point' convenient to the person who is to operateit, connecting it to a course of ie'lectrical current, plugging in a speaker-microphone, and a foot .switch for controllingthe drive 'energizing "solenoid. .With the 'A form of'the' invention, a 'sta'ck' 'of throu'gh'ou't the area rather'than'in a single point o'r 'line as would be the case if the recording surface is absolutely unyielding. Of course, the recordsheets them- --selves, thin as they are, affordpome cushioning effect.

' -"'It'will also 'benoted thatin each of "the-machines illusdroning out wrinkles' and creases in the sheef=which, in

. .turn, :insures accurate peripheral alignment o'f- 'ithe overlapping portions of @the sheet. They ialsoassist-in're- 5 establishing axial alignment of the overlappingsportions I ''of the .sheetjby forcing the sheet to conform to ithe' cylindrical surface of the support and thus to assume a shape congruent to the support and, therefore, to assume the same position whenever' aagain reintroduced into the machine.

In the A form of the invention, I have provided means Tor feeding sheets froma-first station 'compris'ing sa reservoir to a position of-engagement With the (support,- as guide the sheet-while-on-the support, and-finally, to guide the sheet from the-support tdasecond reservoir -uponcompletion of scanning. 'It--- Will thus beseentthat the invention contemplates guiding sheets not only while on the record support, but also to the record support.

and from the record support. In the B form of the invention, the record guide path is defined in part by elements formed integrally with the case, which elements not only constitute a feed path to the machine, but also define the path of a record being ejected from the machine. i

unrecorded record sheets is inserted in the record'magazine with their heads ends disposed toward the"cylin'der.

Individual sheets are loaded onto the"cylintler"by"operating the feed mechanism. "In the 'B and C forms of theiinvention, the record sheets 'aremanu'ally loaded onto'the 'form',the holes or'adhesive strip servingtoirrdicate which edge of the sheet should first bepresented to 'the 'drum.

Upon closing of the drive-energizing switch; the drumbe- ,g'insito rotate and the carriage "to be translated relative to 'the drum' at a speed'determined by "the. operatingspeed of the motor andthe design. of thedrive train. YWith8 /z .by 11" sheets, I have. foundfthat from. '10 to'30 linesfiper 'inc'h and a linear scanning speed from 4 to' l0 inches per second give an appropriate range of operating conditions. Scanning'Z-ZO lines per inch atabout 5 /2" per second on an .8 /2""'b y i.1'1" .sheet gives .about '5 minutes of recording time.

' material. .If a mistakehas been made in dictation,the

- carriage is'back spaced eithersemi-automatically or manu ally toa point somewhat in advance of the ;portion 'o f'the 'record' bearing the. material to be erased. "The equipment -isthen adjustedfor reproduction and the energizingswitch closed untilithe 'last .of .the material which. is itobe .re- Itainedisheard. '"Atthis point,the energizing switch is opened, the equipment readjusted for recording,'the energizing switch is 'clos'ed,.and'"the correctimaterial is spoken intotheispeaker rnicrophone. Since the erase head sweeps "the'tra'ck justin advance of 'the recording head, and since it is energized whenever the. apparatus is'adjusted for recording, the previously recorded material is obliterated and the erased track is immediately rerecorded with the new material. When, as is contemplated by the invention, the energizing switchtakes the form of a foot switch, this cycle of erasing and redictating can be accomplished with great accuracy. For example, it is possible to remove as little as a single word and replace it with another word, and thereby produce a record which, upon reproduction, gives no evidence that it was not recorded consecutively. A further demonstration of the accuracy of alignment which is accomplished .by the invention is the fact that even a record which has been removed from the machine may be reinserted for erasure and redictation in the manner above described.

From the foregoing it will be seen that according to the invention magnetic recordings are made in the form of what is effectively a single helical track upon foldable, creasable, rectangular sheets which have been flexed to cylindrical form. Upon removal and unflexing of the sheets, the single track is separated into fragments which may later be reassembled for continuous reproduction. Both the unflexing and reassemblying may be accomplished semi-automatically, as in the A form of the invention, illustrated in Figures 4 and 5; or by manually propelling a sheet along a guided path, as in the B form illustrated in Figures 8 and 9; or, most simply, by manually propelling and visually guiding a sheet to a properly registered position, as described in connection with the C form of the invention, illustrated in Figures 12 and 13.

I claim:

1. For a dictating machine of the type comprising a rotatable horizontally disposed record support, a motor for driving the support positioned with its shaft located in a horizontal plane well below the support, means for drivingly interconnecting the motor shaft and the support, including an intermediate wheel mounted for shifting movement in a generally horizontal plane to provide for engagement and disengagement of the drive, a magnetic scanning device positioned above the support for cooperation with a record thereon and mounted for movement upwardly away from the support, and common control mechanism for the intermediate drive wheel and the scanning device providing for concurrent engagement of the intermediate drive wheel with the support and of the scanning device with a record on the support and also for concurrent disengagement of the intermediate drive wheel and of the scanning device.

2. A construction in accordance with claim 1 in which the common control mechanism includes a solenoid located below the support and having an armature movable in a horizontal direction, together with linkage. interconnecting the armature, the intermediate drive wheel and the scanning device for transmitting said horizontal and vertical movements respectively to the intermediate wheel and the scanning device.

3. A construction in accordance with claim 2 in which encrgization of the solenoid serves to engage the intermediate drive wheel and the scanning device, the mechanism further including resilient means acting on the control linkage to effect disengagement of the intermediate drive wheel and of the scanning device upon deenergization of the solenoid.

4. Magnetic record translating equipment comprising a magnetic transducer head, a rotative element for advancing a magnetic record relative to said head, a driving motor having a shaft, a drive train for drivingly interconnecting the motor and said element, the train being selectively engageable and disengageable to start and stop said element and comprising a driven wheel, an intermediate wheel, and means for selectively establishing drive transmitting pressure engagement between the motor shaft and the intermediate wheel and between the intermediate and driven wheels; means for selectively establishing and disestablishing scanning engagement between the transducer head and a record advanced by the element; and common control means for said two means operative to establish said pressure engagement to start the rotative element and the advance of a record and simultaneously to establish said scanning engagement, and to disestablish said pressure engagement to stop said rotative element and the advance of a record and simultaneously to disestablish said scanning engagement.

5. Equipment in accordance with claim 4 in which said common control means comprises a solenoid connected to said two means in a sense to establish said pressure and scanning engagements upon energization thereof.

6. Equipment in accordance with claim 5 and further including resilient means operative to disestablish said engagements upon de-energization of said solenoid.

7. A machine in accordance with claim 4 in which said intermediate wheel comprises two co-axial cylindrical drive transmitting surfaces, one of which is of greater diameter than the other and in which the larger of said surfaces engages said shaft and the smaller engages said driven wheel.

8. A dictating machine comprising record translating mechanism including a record support, a drive shaft, and mechanism for selectively establishing and breaking a driving connection between the support and the shaft, comprising a driven wheel and a stepped roller having two co-axial cylindrical drive transmitting surfaces, one of which is of greater diameter than the other, the roller being movable into and from a position in which the larger of said surfaces engages said shaft and the smaller surface engages said wheel.

9. A dictating machine comprising record translating mechanism including a record support, a driving motor having a shaft, and mechanism for selectively establishing and breaking a driving connection between the support and the shaft, comprising a driven wheel and a stepped roller having two co-axial cylindrical drive transmitting surfaces, one of which is of greater diameter than the other, the. roller being movable into and from a position in which the larger of said surfaces engages said shaft and the smaller surface engages said Wheel.

10. An office dictating machine comprising record translating mechanism including a rotatable record support, a transducer head for scanning a record on the support, a driving motor having a shaft, and mechanism for selectively establishing and breaking a driving connection between the motor shaft and the support, comprising a driven wheel mounted for rotation on an axis parallel to the motor shaft, a stepped roller having two co-axial cylindrical drive transmitting surfaces, one of which is of greater diameter than the other, and a movable mounting on which said roller is journalled, the mounting being movable in a plane normal to said shaft from a first position in which a driving connection is established between said shaft and the larger of said surfaces and between the smaller of said surfaces and said wheel, and a second position in which said connection is broken.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 788,790 Pedersen May 2, 1905 873,084 Poulsen Dec. 10, 1907 2,268,645 Dann Ian. 6, 1942 2,374,842 Shively May 1, 1945 2,589,035, Begun Mar. 11, 1952 

